Up until the late 1960’s the diagnosis of End Stage Renal Failure was a death sentence. The future has brought life sustaining modern technologies, discoveries, interventions and therapies.

Initially it was the ancient Greeks who described “dropsy”, pale with extreme fatigue, they treated signs of fluid retention with specific plants that had diuretic effects and/or blood cleansing properties that lowered nitrogen.

Later came primitive forms of dialysis such as the practice of hot baths causing profuse sweating, freeing the body from any fluid, toxins or impurities via the pores. Enemas were another ancient practice to purged the body of impurities.

Today in 2008, End Stage Renal Failure can be prolonged for many years and sometimes never progressing from Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD), and never requiring dialysis and/or treated by having peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis or by having a live or caderverick renal transplant.

Now we have gone where no other has gone before. We are using the latest technology. We are leading the way in Renal Replacement Therapies and Kidney Transplantation. Permcaths, fistulas and tenckhoff catheters are a thing of the “Norm” amongst the Renal World.

You can now do Nocturnal Home Haemodialysis, Holiday Dialysis such as visit Egypt, or travel Europe, the Greek Isles.

Ultimately there is kidney transplantation, both live and caderverick. Futuristically the current Stem Cell Research that is being undertaken should lead the way to Stem Cell kidney Transplantation, requiring nil immunotherapy. Futuristically the world would need "No Dialysis Machines".