BK virus nephropathy (BKN) has become increasingly recognized as a cause of renal dysfunction and loss of transplant kidney function. The current prevalence of BKN in different transplant centres varies between 1.5% and 4.5% and has a major impact on graft function and survival with a graft failure rate of 45%.

The case presentation will highlight the clinical profile, diagnosis and management strategies, including the Gold Standard of diagnosis: Renal biopsy.

Our poster also provides an overview of the virus, including epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors, clinical features, histology and diagnosis.
A review of clinical management will be detailed, including immunosuppression and anti-viral medications, and highlights the complexity inherent in the management of BK virus nephropathy.

Currently, the best therapeutic approach to overcome viral nephropathy is to lower baseline immunosuppression in the hope that the host immune system will then clear the virus. A prerequisite for this approach is the absence of rejection.

In conclusion, the ultimate clinical goal in BKN management is early detection (before interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy have occurred), and highlights the need for systematic patient screening that will limit risk and improve treatment outcomes.